Education
- Bachelor of Arts, Walla Walla University, 1968
- Master of Public Health, Loma Linda University, 1973
- Master of Public Health, Loma Linda University, 1973
- Doctor of Public Health, Loma Linda University, 1978
- Doctor of Health Science, Loma Linda University, 1979
- Doctor of Health Science, Loma Linda University, 1979
- Doctor of Public Health, Loma Linda University, 1992
- Doctor of Public Health, Loma Linda University, 1992